The purpose of a router is to receive the data packets as well as to find the IP address of the destination host. If the Network or the IP address of the destination host gets, then the next step of the router is to find the best route. It is done by checking the routing table. Then the packet is transferred through this selected path. As we all know this selection of the best route is done with the help of the following things:
- Administrative distance.
- Different cost matrices(Including bandwidth, speed of the cable, congestion.).
Static routes:
In the case of a static route, all the routes are entered into the routing table done by the network administrator manually. This type of routing is suitable if the network is small, otherwise, it will turn to complications. All the modifications in the entries should be managed by the administrator.
Advantages:
⦁ This routing protocol reduces router overhead.
⦁ This routing protocol reduces network traffic.
Disadvantages :
⦁ Any changes in the network need manual reconfiguration.
⦁ We cannot route the packets around automatically.
⦁ If the network is too large or complex, the configuration process will also be difficult.
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Default routes:
This is also another type of static route. In the case of a static route, it should specify the path to transfer the packets to the destination, but in the case of a default route, if we did not know how to reach the destination, the default route holds the path and the route can use this path. If the given destination address of the IP datagram does not contain any known route, then the router can use the default route as its network route. If the IP datagram contains an unknown destination address, all such datagrams are sent to the default route. Another name is the gateway of last resort.
Advantages:
⦁ It is useful when if there is no route is entered in the routing table for routing.
⦁ Used for:
- packet filtering.
- firewalling.
Disadvantages:
⦁ If the network is too complex, then the set up is also be difficult.
⦁ It depends on the network topology.
Difference between static and default routes
Static route:
- The administrator manually enters the routes to the routing table.
- For routing specific networks.
- We need to know the destination network.
- suitable fall smaller network.
- Administrative distance – “1”
Default route:
- Routing table entering is also like a static route.
- For routing all network.
- It need not know about the destination network.
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